How to manage watermelon expansion in greenhouses?
The expansion stage of watermelon is the key stage in its growth cycle, which is directly related to the final quality and yield of the fruit. In the greenhouse environment, through fine management, can effectively promote the expansion of watermelon, improve economic benefits. The following are the key points of watermelon expansion management in greenhouses:
1. Water and fertilizer management
Water management is very important in the expanding phase of watermelon. Watering should follow the principle of "appropriate and timely", neither excessive nor insufficient. Excessive watering can lead to root hypoxia, which may cause plant death in severe cases. The lack of water will affect the normal expansion of watermelon, resulting in fruit deformity. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange watering time and amount reasonably according to soil moisture and weather conditions.
In terms of fertilization, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium requirements of watermelon was 1:0.25:1.2. After sitting the melon, the ratio of 10 kg diammonium phosphate per mu can be applied for topdressing, and the amount of organic fertilizer can be appropriately increased to meet the strong demand for nutrition in the expanding period of watermelon. If conditions permit, an integrated system of water and fertilizer can be used to accurately control the amount of irrigation and fertilization according to needs, so as to avoid affecting the shape of the watermelon due to excessive or insufficient water and fertilizer.
2. Proper ventilation
Temperature control in the greenhouse is crucial to the growth of watermelon. When the temperature inside the shed exceeds 28 ° C, open the vent in time to lower the temperature until the temperature drops below 26 ° C. The adjustment of ventilation time should be flexibly mastered according to the growth condition of watermelon plants, and the ventilation time can be appropriately extended when the growth is strong, and the ventilation time should be shortened when the growth is weak.
3. Pest control
Watermelon is susceptible to the attack of diseases and pests in the expanding stage, the main diseases and pests of watermelon include seedling cataplasis, powdery mildew, vine blight, blight, melon aphid, red spider and so on. Once diseases and pests are found, corresponding control measures should be taken immediately, such as the use of biological control or chemical pesticides for prevention and control, while strengthening field management, keeping the greenhouse clean and sanitary, and reducing the occurrence of diseases and pests.
4. Keep melons in a reasonable way
The location and quantity of watermelon leaves have a direct effect on the expansion and final quality of watermelon. In the period of watermelon expansion, the appropriate melon position should be selected for melon retention. In general, the best place to stay should be 12 to 15 nodes of the main vine, about 80 to 100 cm away from the root. The watermelon in this position can obtain a more balanced supply of nutrients, which is conducive to the uniform expansion of the fruit.
It is also necessary to pay attention to the distance between the melon and the melon to avoid excessive density resulting in uneven distribution of light and nutrition. Under normal circumstances, it is appropriate to leave 1 to 2 melons per watermelon plant, so as to ensure the size and quality of the watermelon, and to avoid nutrient dispersion caused by melons, affecting the weight and quality of single melons.
Through the above management measures, the healthy growth of watermelon in greenhouses can be promoted in the expansion period, and the yield and quality of watermelon can be improved. When planting, management strategies should also be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation to ensure that the watermelon can successfully survive the expansion period and harvest fruitful fruits.
